Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan suggested a Chinese and Russian-led economic organization may be his country’s alternative to the EU following a series of high-level talks between his country and Eastern-aligned groups and officials. Fidan made the comments about BRICS, an economic group of developing countries that includes China, Russia, and Iran. Bloomberg reported he stated an “economic alliance has not materialized” in reference to the EU, which Turkey has been waiting for decades to join, and that a search is underway.
The war in Gaza may have motivated Beijing to increase cooperation with Turkey. Nilgun Elikucuk Yildirim, an associate professor of international relations at Atılım Üniversitesi who focuses on China-Turkey relations, told The Media Line that Beijing believed Ankara was playing an important role among Muslim-majority countries. “We see how China actually attributed importance to Turkey when it comes to Gaza and cooperation among the Muslim countries during [Fidan’s] visit to China,” Yildirim said.
During a joint press conference, Fidan and Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi reiterated the need for a ceasefire in Gaza. Wang said increasing cooperation with Turkey will increase chances of finding a solution to “the Palestinian issue,” the Turkish news outlet Hurriyet reported. Wang also said his country was interested in increasing cooperation with Turkey to oppose “hegemony and power politics” in trade, energy and technology, the South China Morning Post reported.
Turkey’s geographic position, bordering Iran, Syria, and Iraq and sharing a maritime border with Ukraine and Russia in the Black Sea, makes it a strategically valuable ally to its NATO partners. Experts say Turkey has been attempting to balance its security reliance on NATO with stronger relations with Eastern countries, especially Russia and China, to gain more geopolitical independence. The meeting between the foreign ministers followed talks between the Turkish energy minister and Chinese officials and companies.
The Turkish president stated in 2022 that he hoped his country would gain membership in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), whose members include Iran, India, and Pakistan. Yildirim said that China has been gaining a foothold in Turkey through businesses, such as providing telecommunications for the Istanbul airport. “China is actually influencing or… injecting something into the Turkish system as a member of NATO, especially in the realm of intelligence,” Yildirim said. “It is not necessary to become a part of [the SCO]. China is there.”
Yusuf Can, an analyst at the Wilson Center’s Middle East program, believes Turkey’s role in NATO makes its participation especially appealing to Beijing as it competes with the West for international clout. “As a NATO country, Turkey’s significant interest in BRICS presents a valuable public relations opportunity for China and the organization as a whole within the global community,” Can wrote in a message to The Media Line.
During the Turkish foreign minister’s visit to Beijing, he reportedly stated his country would also like to join BRICS. Russia welcomed this sentiment, while the US Ambassador to Turkey, Jeffrey Flake, told Reuters that Washington opposed such a move.
Fidan then met with Russian President Vladimir Putin about a week after his meeting with the Chinese foreign minister. “It has bolstered Turkey’s position against the backdrop of the West’s declining popularity in the global community,” Can stated. He added that Turkey hopes participating in these meetings will lead to more global influence. “By expanding its diplomatic relations, Turkey wants to enhance trade opportunities and, given its growing military ambitions, potentially increase arms trade with new buyers,” he stated.
Biblical Connections: Parts of Turkey are listed in Ezekiel 38-39 alongside Iran and possibly Russia. It is a bit of a warning sign that Turkey, once strongly allied with NATO and the West, is searching for stronger ties with Russia, Iran and China.
PRAY: Pray this new potential alliance between Russia, China, Iran and now Turkey will be limited in its power and scope.